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EXAMINATION  1  REVIEW
​US  SINCE  1877

This will be your first examination.  It will cover events from chapter 16 to 19 in your online text (American Yawp) and your secondary readings (primary documents).
 
Since this is the first examination most of you will be taking in my class, I thought that it would be useful to go over what you could expect on my test.  Although I do allow you to retake one exam this semester, I hope that you won't need to exercise that option on the first exam.
 
Your examination will be part multiple choice AND part essay.  You will need to bring to class with you a pencil and scantron sheet for the multiple choice and a bluebook for the essay. .
 
Things you should know:
 
Chapter 16--Capital and Labor:
 
You should know:
  • What contributed to the rise of the Industrial Revolution in the US
  • The role of the Railroads in the late 19th century
  • What led to the concept of big business
  • Captains of Industry—Rockefeller, Carnegie, Morgan
  • What gave rise to Social Darwinism and how did that influence big business and social inequality?
  • What led to worker protest?
  • Be able to discuss the Great Railroad strike of 1877 and the implications of that strike
  • Look over the early labor movements—Knights of Labor, the American Federation of Labor, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers
  • Know the circumstances surrounding the Haymarket Riot of 1886 and the results of that incident.
  • What occurred with the Homestead Strike/Pullman Strike?
  • The farmers’ problems and agrarian movements—Farm Alliances, and Populists (People’s Party)
  • Currency issue and silver movement
  • Election of 1896—First modern election, role of populists, silver issue, and “New Era”—William Jennings Bryan
  • Study the Socialist movements in the US

 
Chapter 17--Conquering the West:
 
You should know:
  • Be familiar with the migration patterns and trends to the West.  How did the Homestead Act, 1862, facilitate westward migration and settlement?
  • Study the Indians Wars and federal policy toward Native Americans.  Be able to discuss the nature of the Indian Wars and the outcome.
  • Be familiar with the Rise and Conditions of Mining in the West.  Consider the nature of the mining rushes and mining towns.
  • Be able to discuss the Rise and fall of the Cattle Kingdom/Cattle Drives.  How did the Cattle Industry develop?  Describe the cow towns.  What role did the “cowboy” play in Western lore?
  • Know the impact of the Railroad on the West and on the United States as a whole.
  • What was the impact of farming and the end of the open range?
 
 
Chapter 18--Life in Industrial America:
 
You should know:
  • What was the impact of technology and industrialization on American life?
  • What were some of the great inventions of the late 19th century and how did they affect the way people lived their lives?
  • What led to the rise of large cities in the US
  • How cities coped with growth
  • Be able to describe life in the cities
  • Discuss the experience of the new immigrant to the US and nativist reaction to the new immigrant.  What role did cities play in the lives of the new immigrants?  How and why did ethnic enclaves develop?
  • What role did political machines, such as Tammany Hall in New York, play in urban life?
  • Social changes brought about by education and new philosophical trends (Darwinism & Social Darwinism)
  • Social Reform—Social Gospel—Settlement houses
  • Women’s suffrage
  • The notion of the “New South” and Henry W. Grady
  • Conditions of Tenancy and Sharecropping
  • The rise of the Bourbon class in the south
  • Disfranchising African-American and imposing “Jim Crow” laws/Segregation
  • What was the ethos of the New South?  What was the myth of the “Lost Cause”?
  • Be able to discuss Women and Gender, Religion, and Culture in the late 19th Century



Chapter 19—American Empire:
 
You should know:
  • What was the nature of American foreign policy from the end of the Civil War until the 1890s?  What were the patterns of American intervention during this period?
  • What led to the idea of American imperialism—i.e. Idea of imperialism already gripping Europe, Economic considerations, Christian missionaries, expansion beyond the continent, notion of Anglo-Saxon superiority, and religion.
  • Be able to discuss Mahan’s Book, The Influence of Sea Power.
  • Initial expansion in the Pacific region—Alaska, Hawai’i and Samoa
  • Spanish-American War—Causes, course of war (Dewey/Philippines; Roosevelt/Cuba), and outcome of the war
  • Involvement in China—“Open Door” policy in China
  • What role did Theodore Roosevelt, as President, play in American Imperialism?  What were the Monroe Doctrine and the “Roosevelt Corollary”?
  • Panama Canal, Russo-Japanese War and involvement in Europe
  • What was the role of women in American expansionism?

 

TERMS:

cHP.  16

  1. Gilded Age
  2. Great Railroad Strike of 1877
  3. Frederick Taylor/Taylorism
  4. Robber Barons
  5. Cornelius Vanderbilt
  6. J. D. Rockefeller
  7. Andrew Carnegie
  8. J. P. Morgan
  9. H. L. Mencken
  10. Social Darwinism
  11. Protective tariff
  12. Knights of Labor
  13. Haymarket Riot
  14. American Federation of Labor 
  15. Eugene Debs,
  16. The Populist Movement
  17. People’s (aka Populist) Party
  18. Farmers’ Alliance
  19. Edward Bellamy/Looking Backward
  20. Omaha Platform
  21. William Jennings Bryan
  22. Bimetallism/Free Coinage of Silver
  23. Gold Standard Act (1900)
  24. Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) aka “Wobblies,”
  25. Socialist Party of America (SPA)

chp.  17

  1. Pikes Peak gold strike
  2. Great bison herds
  3. Homestead Act
  4. “Indian wars”
  5. Treaty of Fort Laramie, 1851
  6. Sand Creek Massacre, 1864
  7. Indian Peace Commission
  8. Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty, 1867
  9. Red River War
  10. Battle of the Little Bighorn, 1876
  11. Transcontinental railroad
  12. Pacific Railroad Act, 1862
  13. Cattle drives
  14. Chisholm Trail, Western Trail, Goodnight-Loving Trail
  15. Cowboys
  16. Dawes General Allotment Act, 1887
  17. Wounded Knee Creek Massacre, 1890
  18. Mythic American West
  19. Buffalo Bill’s Wild West
  20. “Cowboys and Indians” mystique
  21. Frederick Jackson Turner/“The Significance of the Frontier in American History”
  • Pikes Peak gold strike
  • Great bison herds
  • Homestead Act
  • “Indian wars”
  • Treaty of Fort Laramie, 1851
  • Sand Creek Massacre, 1864
  • Indian Peace Commission
  • Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty, 1867
  • Red River War
  • Battle of the Little Bighorn, 1876
  • Transcontinental railroad
  • Pacific Railroad Act, 1862
  • Cattle drives
  • Chisholm Trail, Western Trail, Goodnight-Loving Trail
  • Cowboys
  • Dawes General Allotment Act, 1887
  • Wounded Knee Creek Massacre, 1890
  • Mythic American West
  • Buffalo Bill’s Wild West
  • “Cowboys and Indians” mystique
  • Frederick Jackson Turner/“The Significance of the Frontier in American History”
  • Pikes Peak gold strike
  • Great bison herds
  • Homestead Act
  • “Indian wars”
  • Treaty of Fort Laramie, 1851
  • Sand Creek Massacre, 1864
  • Indian Peace Commission
  • Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty, 1867
  • Red River War
  • Battle of the Little Bighorn, 1876
  • Transcontinental railroad
  • Pacific Railroad Act, 1862
  • Cattle drives
  • Chisholm Trail, Western Trail, Goodnight-Loving Trail
  • Cowboys
  • Dawes General Allotment Act, 1887
  • Wounded Knee Creek Massacre, 1890
  • Mythic American West
  • Buffalo Bill’s Wild West
  • “Cowboys and Indians” mystique
  • Frederick Jackson Turner/“The Significance of the Frontier in American History”
  • chp.  18

    1. Thomas A. Edison
    2. Tammany Hall
    3. George Washington Plunkitt
    4. William “Boss” Tweed
    5. Kenyon Butterfield
    6. New suburban communities
    7. Henry Grady
    8. The New South
    9. “Jim Crow” laws
    10. Ku Klux Klan
    11. Rebecca Latimer Felton
    12. Ida B. Wells
    13. Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases
    14. The Dyer Bill 
    15. “Lost Cause”
    16. Birth of a Nation
    17. “Gospel of Wealth”
    18. Jane Addams
    19. Muscular Christianity
    20. Vaudeville
    21. Mass Entertainment Culture 

    chp.  19

    1. Guano Islands Act of 1856
    2. Open Door Policy
    3. Boxer Rebellion
    4. Porfirio Diaz
    5. Mexican Revolution
    6. General John J. “Blackjack” Pershing
    7. Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars (1898–1902)
    8. USS Maine 
    9. Commodore George Dewey/Battle of Manila Bay
    10. Theodore Roosevelt/Rough Riders
    11. Treaty of Paris, 1898
    12. Acquisition of Hawaii
    13. Emilio Aguinaldo
    14. William H. Taft
    15. American Anti-Imperialist League
    16. Alfred Thayer Mahan/The Influence of Sea Power upon History
    17. Great White Fleet
    18. U.S. Canal Zone
    19. Guantanamo Bay, Cuba
    20. Gunboat Diplomacy
    21. Dollar diplomacy
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